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quinta-feira, 4 de fevereiro de 2010




Recently, researches at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered that the African San people are the most ancient race in the world. According to the study, the genetic DNA of the San people was more diverse than any other group and their ancestors had migrated from the continent to spread their DNA throughout the world. Scott Williams, investigator in the Vanderbilt Center for Human Genetics Research, claimed that “as one moves away from Africa, genetic diversity declines rather dramatically” . Likewise, “as human beings spread out into isolated communities, [language] stresses and peculiarities develop”.

BBC webpage reports that “a large amount of the group's data comes from populations that have never previously been studied genetically. This allows the map to provide an entirely new link between biology, and existing anthropology and linguistic information”. This linguistic information is possible due to the fact that it was identified the same language features spoken by San people in other East African languages. A research conducted in 2003 indicated the San language might be the key to explain human language origin.


British and American English differences: a historical overview


The text that follows was extracted from a special webpage about learning and teaching second language. Since it was not possible to track its author, the text’s reference can be checked in the end of this paper. It outlines the main differences between American and British English language based on a historical overview.



Language experts say that spoken English was almost the same in the American colonies and Britain. Americans began to change the sound of their speech after the Revolutionary War in 1776. They wanted to separate themselves from the British in language as they had separated themselves from the British government. Some American leaders proposed major changes in the language. His reforms were rejected, but his ideas influenced others. One was Noah Webster. He thought Americans should learn from American books. He published his first spelling book in 1783. It established rules for speaking and spelling the words used in American English. Webster believed that British English spelling rules were too complex.  

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